Skip to main content

Basel Framework

The Basel Framework is the full set of standards of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), which is the primary global standard setter for the prudential regulation of banks. The membership of the BCBS has agreed to fully implement these standards and apply them to the internationally active banks in their jurisdictions. The background page describes the framework's structure and how to navigate it.

Please provide first name.
Looks good!
Please provide first name.
Looks good!
View the framework as it was / will be on a specific date
DIS80

Leverage ratio

This chapter describes disclosure requirements for the leverage ratio.

  • Effective as of: 01 Jan 2022
  • Last update: 15 Dec 2019
  • Status Removed on 27 Mar 2020

Introduction

80.1

The disclosure requirements set out in this chapter are:

  1. Template LR1 - Summary comparison of accounting assets vs leverage ratio exposure measure
  2. Template LR2 - Leverage ratio common disclosure template
80.2

Template LR1 provides a reconciliation of a bank’s total assets as published in its financial statements to the leverage ratio exposure measure, and Template LR2 provides a breakdown of the components of the leverage ratio exposure measure.

Template LR1 - Summary comparison of accounting assets vs leverage ratio exposure measure

TABLE.1

Purpose: To reconcile the total assets in the published financial statements with the leverage ratio exposure measure.

Scope of application: The table is mandatory for all banks.

Content: Quantitative information. The leverage ratio standard of the Basel framework (LEV) follows the same scope of regulatory consolidation as used for the risk-based capital requirements standard (RBC). Disclosures should be reported on a quarter-end basis. However, banks may, subject to approval from or due to requirements specified by their national supervisor, use more frequent calculations (eg daily or monthly averaging). Banks are required to include the basis for their disclosures (eg quarter-end, daily averaging or monthly averaging, or a combination thereof).

Frequency: Quarterly.

Format: Fixed.

Accompanying narrative: Banks are required to disclose and detail the source of material differences between their total balance sheet assets, as reported in their financial statements, and their leverage ratio exposure measure.

 

a

 
     

1

Total consolidated assets as per published financial statements

   

2

Adjustment for investments in banking, financial, insurance or commercial entities that are consolidated for accounting purposes but outside the scope of regulatory consolidation

   

3

Adjustment for securitised exposures that meet the operational requirements for the recognition of risk transference

   

4

Adjustments for temporary exemption of central bank reserves (if applicable)

   

5

Adjustment for fiduciary assets recognised on the balance sheet pursuant to the operative accounting framework but excluded from the leverage ratio exposure measure

   

6

Adjustments for regular-way purchases and sales of financial assets subject to trade date accounting

   

7

Adjustments for eligible cash pooling transactions

   

8

Adjustments for derivative financial instruments

   

9

Adjustment for securities financing transactions (ie repurchase agreements and similar secured lending)

   

10

Adjustment for off-balance sheet items (ie conversion to credit equivalent amounts of off-balance sheet exposures)

   

11

Adjustments for prudent valuation adjustments and specific and general provisions which have reduced Tier 1 capital

   

12

Other adjustments

   

13

Leverage ratio exposure measure

   

Definitions and instructions

 

Row

number

Explanation

 

1

The bank's total consolidated assets as per published financial statements.

 

2

Where a banking, financial, insurance or commercial entity is outside the regulatory scope of consolidation, only the amount of the investment in the capital of that entity (ie only the carrying value of the investment, as opposed to the underlying assets and other exposures of the investee) shall be included in the leverage ratio exposure measure. However, investments in those entities that are deducted from the bank's CET1 capital or from Additional Tier 1 capital in accordance with CAP30.29 to CAP30.34 may also be deducted from the leverage ratio exposure measure. As these adjustments reduce the total leverage ratio exposure measure, they shall be reported as a negative amount.

 

3

This row shows the reduction of the leverage ratio exposure measure due to the exclusion of securitised exposures that meet the operational requirements for the recognition of risk transference according CRE40.24. As these adjustments reduce the total leverage ratio exposure measure, they shall be reported as a negative amount.

 

4

Adjustments related to the temporary exclusion of central bank reserves from the leverage ratio exposure measure, if enacted by the supervisor to facilitate the implementation of monetary policies as per LEV30.7. As these adjustments reduce the total leverage ratio exposure measure, they shall be reported as a negative amount.

 

5

This row shows the reduction of the consolidated assets for fiduciary assets that are recognised on the bank's balance sheet pursuant to the operative accounting framework and which meet the de-recognition criteria of IAS 39 / IFRS 9 or the IFRS 10 de-consolidation criteria. As these adjustments reduce the total leverage ratio exposure measure, they shall be reported as a negative amount.

 

6

Adjustments for regular-way purchases and sales of financial assets subject to trade date accounting. The adjustment reflects (i) the reverse-out of any offsetting between cash receivables for unsettled sales and cash payables for unsettled purchases of financial assets that may be recognised under the applicable accounting framework, and (ii) the offset between those cash receivables and cash payables that are eligible per the criteria specified in LEV30.10 and LEV30.11. If this adjustment leads to an increase in exposure, it shall be reported as a positive amount. If this adjustment leads to a decrease in exposure, it shall be reported as a negative amount.

 

7

Adjustments for eligible cash-pooling transactions. The adjustment is the difference between the accounting value of cash-pooling transactions and the treatments specified in LEV30.12. If this adjustment leads to an increase in exposure, it shall be reported as a positive amount. If this adjustment leads to a decrease in exposure, it shall be reported as a negative amount.

 

8

Adjustments related to derivative financial instruments. The adjustment is the difference between the accounting value of the derivatives recognised as assets and the leverage ratio exposure value as determined by application of LEV30.13 to LEV30.16 and LEV30.21 to LEV30.35. If this adjustment leads to an increase in exposure, institutions shall disclose this as a positive amount. If this adjustment leads to a decrease in exposure, institutions shall disclose this as a negative amount.

 

9

Adjustments related to Securities Financing Transactions (SFTs) (ie repurchase agreements and other similar secured lending). The adjustment is the difference between the accounting value of the SFTs recognised as assets and the leverage ratio exposure value as determined by application of LEV30.36, LEV30.37 and LEV30.40 to LEV30.44. If this adjustment leads to an increase in the exposure, institutions shall disclose this as a positive amount. If this adjustment leads to a decrease in exposure, institutions shall disclose this as a negative amount.

 

10

The credit equivalent amount of off-balance sheet items determined by applying the relevant credit conversion factors to the nominal value of the off-balance sheet item, as specified in LEV30.47 and LEV30.49 to LEV30.56. As these amounts increase the total leverage ratio exposure measure, they shall be reported as a positive amount.

 

11

Adjustments for prudent valuation adjustments and specific and general provisions that have reduced Tier 1 capital. This adjustment reduces the leverage ratio exposure measure by the amount of prudent valuation adjustments and by the amount of specific and general provisions that have reduced Tier 1 capital as determined by LEV30.3 and LEV30.9 and LEV30.48, respectively. This adjustment shall be reported as a negative amount.

 

12

Any other adjustments. If these adjustments lead to an increase in the exposure, institutions shall report this as a positive amount. If these adjustments lead to a decrease in exposure, the institutions shall disclose this as a negative amount.

 

13

The leverage ratio exposure, which should be the sum of the previous items.

 

Linkages across templates

[LR1:13/a] is equal to [LR2:24/a] (depending on basis of calculation)

         

Template LR2: Leverage ratio common disclosure template

TABLE.2

Purpose: To provide a detailed breakdown of the components of the leverage ratio denominator, as well as information on the actual leverage ratio, minimum requirements and buffers.

 

Scope of application: The table is mandatory for all banks.

 

Content: Quantitative information. Disclosures should be on a quarter-end basis except where explicitly noted in the instructions for certain rows. However, banks may, subject to approval from or due to requirements specified by their national supervisor, use more frequent calculations (eg daily or monthly averaging). Banks are required to include the frequency of calculation for their disclosures (eg quarter-end, daily averaging or monthly averaging, or a combination thereof).

 

Frequency: Quarterly.

 

Format: Fixed.

 

Accompanying narrative: Banks must describe the key factors that have had a material impact on the leverage ratio for this reporting period compared with the previous reporting period. Banks must also describe the key factors that explain any material differences between the amounts of securities financing transactions (SFTs) that are included in the bank's Pillar 1 leverage ratio exposure measure and the mean values of SFTs that are disclosed in row 28.

 
 

a

b

   

T

T-1

On-balance sheet exposures

 

1

On-balance sheet exposures (excluding derivatives and securities financing transactions (SFTs), but including collateral)

   

2

Gross-up for derivatives collateral provided where deducted from balance sheet assets pursuant to the operative accounting framework

   

3

(Deductions of receivable assets for cash variation margin provided in derivatives transactions)

   

4

(Adjustment for securities received under securities financing transactions that are recognised as an asset)

   

5

(Specific and general provisions associated with on-balance sheet exposures that are deducted from Tier 1 capital)

   

6

(Asset amounts deducted in determining Tier 1 capital and regulatory adjustments)

   

7

Total on-balance sheet exposures (excluding derivatives and SFTs) (sum of rows 1 to 6)

   

Derivative exposures

 

8

Replacement cost associated with all derivatives transactions (where applicable net of eligible cash variation margin and/or with bilateral netting)

   

9

Add-on amounts for potential future exposure associated with all derivatives transactions

   

10

(Exempted central counterparty (CCP) leg of client-cleared trade exposures)

   

11

Adjusted effective notional amount of written credit derivatives

   

12

(Adjusted effective notional offsets and add-on deductions for written credit derivatives)

   

13

Total derivative exposures (sum of rows 8 to 12)

   

Securities financing transaction exposures

 

14

Gross SFT assets (with no recognition of netting), after adjustment for sale accounting transactions

   

15

(Netted amounts of cash payables and cash receivables of gross SFT assets)

   

16

Counterparty credit risk exposure for SFT assets

   

17

Agent transaction exposures

   

18

Total securities financing transaction exposures (sum of rows 14 to 17)

   

Other off-balance sheet exposures

 

19

Off-balance sheet exposure at gross notional amount

   

20

(Adjustments for conversion to credit equivalent amounts)

   

21

(Specific and general provisions associated with off-balance sheet exposures deducted in determining Tier 1 capital)

   

22

Off-balance sheet items (sum of rows 19 to 21)

   

Capital and total exposures

 

23

Tier 1 capital

   

24

Total exposures (sum of rows 7, 13, 18 and 22)

   

Leverage ratio

25

Leverage ratio (including the impact of any applicable temporary exemption of central bank reserves)

   

25a

Leverage ratio (excluding the impact of any applicable temporary exemption of central bank reserves)

   

26

National minimum leverage ratio requirement

   

27

Applicable leverage buffers

   

Disclosure of mean values

28

Mean value of gross SFT assets, after adjustment for sale accounting transactions and netted of amounts of associated cash payables and cash receivables

   

29a

Quarter-end value of gross SFT assets, after adjustment for sale accounting transactions and netted of amounts of associated cash payables and cash receivables

   

30

Total exposures (including the impact of any applicable temporary exemption of central bank reserves) incorporating mean values from row 28 of gross SFT assets (after adjustment for sale accounting transactions and netted of amounts of associated cash payables and cash receivables)

   

30a

Total exposures (excluding the impact of any applicable temporary exemption of central bank reserves) incorporating mean values from row 28 of gross SFT assets (after adjustment for sale accounting transactions and netted of amounts of associated cash payables and cash receivables)

   

31

Basel III leverage ratio (including the impact of any applicable temporary exemption of central bank reserves) incorporating mean values from row 28 of gross SFT assets (after adjustment for sale accounting transactions and netted of amounts of associated cash payables and cash receivables)

   

31a

Basel III leverage ratio (excluding the impact of any applicable temporary exemption of central bank reserves) incorporating mean values from row 28 of gross SFT assets (after adjustment for sale accounting transactions and netted of amounts of associated cash payables and cash receivables)

   

Definitions and instructions

SFTs: transactions such as repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, securities lending and borrowing, and margin lending transactions, where the value of the transactions depends on market valuations and the transactions are often subject to margin agreements.

Capital measure: The capital measure for the leverage ratio is the Tier 1 capital of the risk-based capital framework as defined in the definition of capital standard (CAP) taking account of the transitional arrangements.

 

Row

number

Explanation

 

1

Banks must include all balance sheet assets in their exposure measure, including on-balance sheet derivatives collateral and collateral for SFTs, with the exception of on-balance sheet derivative and SFT assets that are included in rows 8 to 18. Derivatives and SFTs collateral refer to either collateral received or collateral provided (or any associated receivable asset) accounted as a balance sheet asset. Amounts are to be reported in accordance with LEV30.8 to LEV30.11 and, where applicable, LEV30.5 and LEV30.7.

 

2

Grossed-up amount of any collateral provided in relation to derivative exposures where the provision of that collateral has reduced the value of the balance sheet assets under the bank's operative accounting framework, in accordance with LEV30.23.

 

3

Deductions of receivable assets in the amount of the cash variation margin provided in derivatives transactions where the posting of cash variation margin has resulted in the recognition of a receivable asset under the bank's operative accounting framework.

As the adjustments in this row reduce the exposure measure, they shall be reported as negative figures.

 

4

Adjustment for securities received under a securities financing transaction where the bank has recognised the securities as an asset on its balance sheet. These amounts are to be excluded from the exposure measure in accordance with LEV30.37(1).

As the adjustments in this row reduce the exposure measure, they shall be reported as negative figures.

 

5

Amounts of general and specific provisions that are deducted from Tier 1 capital which may be deducted from the exposure measure in accordance with LEV30.9.

As the adjustments in this row reduce the exposure measure, they shall be reported as negative figures.

 

6

All other balance sheet asset amounts deducted from Tier 1 capital and other regulatory adjustments associated with on-balance sheet assets as specified in LEV30.3.

As the adjustments in this row reduce the exposure measure, they shall be reported as negative figures.

 

7

Sum of rows 1 to 6.

 

8

Replacement cost (RC) associated with all derivatives transactions (including exposures resulting from direct transactions between a client and a CCP where the bank guarantees the performance of its clients' derivative trade exposures to the CCP). Where applicable, this amount should be net of cash variation margin received (as set out in LEV30.25), and with bilateral netting (as set out in LEV30.17 to LEV30.20). This amount should be reported with the 1.4 alpha factor applied as specified in LEV30.15 and LEV30.16.

 

9

Add-on amount for the potential future exposure (PFE) of all derivative exposures calculated in accordance with LEV30.15 and LEV30.16. This amount should be reported with the 1.4 alpha factor applied as specified in LEV30.15 and LEV30.16.

 

10

Trade exposures associated with the CCP leg of derivatives transactions resulting from client-cleared transactions or which the clearing member, based on the contractual arrangements with the client, is not obligated to reimburse the client in respect of any losses suffered due to changes in the value of its transactions in the event that a qualifying central counterparty (QCCP) defaults.

As the adjustments in this row reduce the exposure measure, they shall be reported as negative figures.

 

11

The effective notional amount of written credit derivatives which may be reduced by the total amount of negative changes in fair value amounts that have been incorporated into the calculation of Tier 1 capital with respect to written credit derivatives according to LEV30.31.

 

12

This row comprises:

  • The amount by which the notional amount of a written credit derivative is reduced by a purchased credit derivative on the same reference name according to LEV30.31.
  • The deduction of add-on amounts for PFE in relation to written credit derivatives determined in accordance with LEV30.35.

As the adjustments in this row reduce the exposure measure, they shall be reported as negative figures.

 

13

Sum of rows 8 to 12.

 

14

The gross amount of SFT assets without recognition of netting, other than novation with QCCPs, determined in accordance with LEV30.37, adjusted for any sales accounting transactions in accordance with LEV30.40.

 

15

The cash payables and cash receivables of gross SFT assets with netting determined in accordance with LEV30.37(1)(b). As these adjustments reduce the exposure measure, they shall be reported as negative figures.

 

16

The amount of the counterparty credit risk add-on for SFTs determined in accordance with LEV30.37(2).

 

17

The amount for which the bank acting as an agent in a SFT has provided an indemnity or guarantee determined in accordance with LEV30.41 to LEV30.44.

 

18

Sum of rows 14 to 17.

 

19

Total off-balance sheet exposure amounts (excluding off-balance sheet exposure amounts associated with SFT and derivative transactions) on a gross notional basis, before any adjustment for credit conversion factors (CCFs).

 

20

Reduction in gross amount of off-balance sheet exposures due to the application of CCFs as specified in LEV30.49 to LEV30.56. As these adjustments reduce the exposure measure, they shall be reported as negative figures.

 

21

Amounts of specific and general provisions associated with off-balance sheet exposures that are deducted from Tier 1 capital, the absolute value of which is not to exceed the sum of rows 19 and 20. As these adjustments reduce the exposure measure, they shall be reported as negative figures.

 

22

Sum of rows 19 to 21.

 

23

The amount of Tier 1 capital of the risk-based capital framework as defined in the definition of capital standard (CAP) taking account of the transitional arrangements.

 

24

Sum of rows 7, 13, 18 and 22.

 

25

The leverage ratio is defined as the Tier 1 capital measure divided by the exposure measure, with this ratio expressed as a percentage.

 

25a

If a bank's leverage ratio exposure measure is subject to a temporary exemption of central bank reserves, this ratio is defined as the Tier 1 capital measure divided by the sum of the exposure measure and the amount of the central bank reserves exemption, with this ratio expressed as a percentage.

If the bank's leverage ratio exposure measure is not subject to a temporary exemption of central bank reserves, this ratio will be identical to the ratio reported in row 25.

 

26

The minimum leverage ratio requirement applicable to the bank. This number will be higher than 3% in the case of a bank belonging to a jurisdiction which has exercised the discretion to exempt central bank reserves from the computation of the leverage ratio requirement.

 

27

Total applicable leverage buffers. To include the G-SIB leverage ratio buffer requirement and any other applicable buffers.

 

28

Mean of the sums of rows 14 and 15, based on the sums calculated as of each day of the reporting quarter.

 

29

If rows 14 and 15 are based on quarter-end values, this amount is the sum of rows 14 and 15.
If rows 14 and 15 are based on averaged values, this amount is the sum of quarter-end values corresponding to the content of rows 14 and 15.

 

30

Total exposure measure (including the impact of any applicable temporary exemption of central bank reserves), using mean values calculated as of each day of the reporting quarter for the amounts of the exposure measure associated with gross SFT assets (after adjustment for sale accounting transactions and netted of amounts of associated cash payables and cash receivables).

 

30a

Total exposure measure (excluding the impact of any applicable temporary exemption of central bank reserves), using mean values calculated as of each day of the reporting quarter for the amounts of the exposure measure associated with gross SFT assets (after adjustment for sale accounting transactions and netted of amounts of associated cash payables and cash receivables).
If the bank's leverage ratio exposure measure is not subject to a temporary exemption of central bank reserves, this value will be identical to the value reported in row 30.

 

31

Tier 1 capital measure divided by the exposure measure (including the impact of any applicable temporary exemption of central bank reserves), using mean values calculated as of each day of the reporting quarter for the amounts of the exposure measure associated with gross SFT assets (after adjustment for sale accounting transactions and netted of amounts of associated cash payables and cash receivables).

 

31a

Tier 1 capital measure divided by the exposure measure (excluding the impact of any applicable temporary exemption of central bank reserves), using mean values calculated as of each day of the reporting quarter for the amounts of the exposure measure associated with gross SFT assets (after adjustment for sale accounting transactions and netted of amounts of associated cash payables and cash receivables).
If the bank's leverage ratio exposure measure is not subject to a temporary exemption of central bank reserves, this ratio will be identical to the value reported in row 31.

 

Linkages across templates (valid only if the relevant rows are all disclosed on a quarter-end basis)

[LR2:23/a] is equal to [KM1:2/a]

[LR2:24/a] is equal to [KM1:13/a]

[LR2:25/a] is equal to [KM1:14/a]

[LR2:25a/a] is equal to [KM1:14b/a]

[LR2:31/a] is equal to [KM1:14c/a]

[LR2:31a/a] is equal to [KM1:14d/a]

 
           

Background to the Basel Framework

The Basel Framework is a consolidated version of the full set of standards of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), which is the primary global standard setter for the prudential regulation of banks. The membership of the BCBS has agreed to fully implement these standards and apply them to the internationally active banks in their jurisdictions.

Structure

The framework comprises the 14 standards listed below. Each standard is divided into chapters, and many chapters have multiple versions, eg a chapter may have a version that is applicable now and one that will become applicable after the Basel III reforms have been implemented. The full breakdown of all chapters and versions is available here.

If you would like to explore the source material for the consolidated Basel Framework, there is a mapping table that links each of the paragraphs of the BCBS's original published standards to their locations within the first published version the framework.

Other features of the framework include:

  • Interactive cross-references to make it easier to navigate.
  • A "time traveller" feature, which lets you select a future date and see the framework as it is due to apply at that date.
  • Answers to frequently asked questions displayed directly underneath the paragraphs to which they relate.
  • A section to view all past and future planned changes to the Basel Framework.
  • An improved search function, which makes it easier to find specific content in each standard.

If you have any questions or suggestions regarding the consolidated Basel Framework, please let us know at baselcommittee@bis.org.

This standard describes the scope of application of the Basel Framework.

This standard describes the criteria that bank capital instruments must meet to be eligible to satisfy the Basel capital requirements, as well as necessary regulatory adjustments and transitional arrangements.

This standard describes the framework for risk-based capital requirements.

This standard describes how to calculate capital requirements for credit risk.

This standard describes how to calculate capital requirements for market risk and credit valuation adjustment risk.

This standard describes how to calculate capital requirements for operational risk.

This standard describes the simple, transparent, non-risk-based leverage ratio. This measure intends to restrict the build-up of leverage in the banking sector and reinforce the risk-based requirements with a simple, non-risk-based "backstop" measure.

This standard describes the Liquidity Coverage Ratio, a measure which promotes the short-term resilience of a bank's liquidity risk profile.

The net stable funding ratio requires banks to maintain a stable funding profile in relation to the composition of their assets and off-balance-sheet activities.

Large exposures regulation limits the maximum loss that a bank could face in the event of a sudden counterparty failure to a level that does not endanger the bank's solvency. This standard requires banks to measure their exposures to a single counterparty or a group of connected counterparties and limit the size of large exposures in relation to their capital.

This standard establishes minimum standards for margin requirements for non-centrally cleared derivatives. Such requirements reduce systemic risk with respect to non-standardised derivatives by reducing contagion and spillover risks and promoting central clearing.

The Pillar 2 supervisory review process ensures that banks have adequate capital and liquidity to support all the risks in their business, especially with respect to risks not fully captured by the Pillar 1 process, and encourages good risk management.

This standard sets out disclosure requirements, which aim to encourage market discipline.

The Basel Core Principles provide a comprehensive standard for establishing a sound foundation for the regulation, supervision, governance and risk management of the banking sector.

The Basel Framework homepage lists all 14 standards together with a short description of their content. The "effective as of" date is the date by which the members of the BCBS have agreed to implement the standards. By default, this date is set to the launch date of the consolidated framework for standards that were already in force at the launch of the framework. For standards that have chapters that are due to change in the future, a "next version" date is shown.

Click on the name of any standard to get the list of chapters that it contains. By default, you will see the current versions of the standards that are in effect as of the day you are using the website. In cases where new chapter versions are due to come into effect in the future, the chapter can be accessed by clicking the "new future version" link shown at the bottom of the chapter description.

Video 9 April 2019
Navigating the Basel Framework
This tutorial explains the features of the Basel Committee's consolidated framework, bringing global standards for bank regulation and supervision together in one place.

You might also be interested in