Annual Economic Report 2026 - underlying data behind the graphs

Chapter I: Progress and peril - read the chapter

Data set
Chapter I data set (xlsx)
Images Title
Graph 1 Global growth proved resilient despite tariff and geopolitical shocks
Graph 2 Several offsets muted the impact of tariffs
Graph 3 AI exuberance lent support to growth and kept financial conditions loose
Graph 4 Unprecedented blockade of the Strait of Hormuz disrupted activity
Graph 5 Asia is most exposed to the Hormuz energy supply shock
Graph 6 The conflict shifted inflation and policy outlooks
Graph 7 Risk appetite remained high despite the energy crisis
Graph 8 Severe energy shock increases inflationary pressures
Graph 9 Initial conditions determine upside risks to inflation
Graph 10 AI holds promise of large productivity gains, but with risks to labour markets
Graph 11 Rapid AI boom raises questions about its sustainability
Graph 12 Rich equity valuations are becoming a source of macroeconomic vulnerability
Graph 13 Corporate credit is vulnerable to repricing on AI disappointments
Graph 14 Sudden tightening of financial conditions may overly curtail credit supply
Graph 15 Higher public debt is cutting fiscal space
Graph 16 Fiscal vulnerability is growing on multiple fronts
Graph 17 Adverse supply shocks pose challenges to monetary policy
Graph A1 Supply chain reconfiguration supports resilient growth
Graph B1 Closure of Strait of Hormuz has caused unprecedented disruption in oil markets
Graph C1 AI's long-run impacts are uncertain and scenario-dependent

Chapter II: High public debt and shifting financial markets: challenges for central banks - read the chapter

Data set
Chapter II data set (xlsx)
Images Title
Graph 1 The evolution of government debt and deficits
Graph 2 Private debt has remained high since the Great Financial Crisis
Graph 3 Sovereign borrowing costs and stress episodes
Graph 4 The rise of non-bank financial institutions in AE sovereign debt markets
Graph 5 Hedge funds' repo borrowing has surged given lax funding terms
Graph 6 The broadening of the bank-sovereign nexus
Graph 7 Fiscal risk shocks and market liquidity: two-way interactions and tail risks
Graph 8 International dimensions: FX swaps and dealer linkages
Graph 9 The financial and real effects of fiscal risk repricing
Graph 10 High public debt blunts the price effects of monetary policy
Graph 11 Public debt maturity matters for monetary transmission
Graph A1 Fiscal policy is less responsive to debt and asymmetric over the business cycle

Chapter III: Anchoring trust in money: innovation beyond stablecoins - read the chapter

Data set
Chapter III data set (xlsx)
Images Title
Graph 1 Stablecoin use focuses on crypto trading, with coins backed by low-risk assets
Graph 2 Stablecoin market growth concentrated in two US dollar-pegged coins
Graph 3 Stablecoin fragmentation and the lack of interoperability across blockchains
Graph 5 Quantifying the macroeconomic effects of stablecoin adoption
Graph 6 Limited pass-through of changes in interest rates to stablecoin yields from lending pools in decentralised finance
Graph 7 Stablecoins vs foreign currency deposits
Graph 8 Demand for foreign stablecoins connects FX markets with crypto ecosystem
Graph B1 Rising fragmentation across layer 1 and layer 2 networks
Graph E1 Deposit dollarisation over time

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