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High public debt, NBFIs and the risk of market dysfunction

Type
Publication
Series
BIS Bulletin 136
Date Published
29 September 2026

Key takeaways

  • Near record-high government debt levels and the growing role of non-banks have reshaped government debt markets in recent years.
  • High levels of government sector debt are expected to worsen future government debt market liquidity conditions in general, including by increasing the risk of market dysfunction.
  • A large non-bank financial institution footprint heightens the risk of market dysfunction while also making very favourable liquidity conditions more likely.

The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the BIS or its member central banks.