|
Turn off time travelling
This chapter defines operational risk and the components of the Business Indicator used to calculate capital requirements for operational risk. In addition, this chapter describes the application within a banking group of the standardised approach for measuring operational risk capital requirements.
Effective as of:
01 Jan 2023
|
Last update:
30 Mar 2023
10.1
Operational risk is defined as the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems or from external events. This definition includes legal risk,1 but excludes strategic and reputational risk.
1 Footnote
10.2
Table 1 defines the components of the Business Indicator (BI).
| Business Indicator definitions |
Table 1 |
|||
| BI component |
Income statement or balance sheet items |
Description |
Typical sub-items |
|
| Interest, lease and dividend |
Interest income |
Interest income from all financial assets and other interest income (includes interest income from financial and operating leases and profits from leased assets) |
|
|
| Interest expenses |
Interest expenses from all financial liabilities and other interest expenses (includes interest expense from financial and operating leases, depreciation and impairment of, and losses from, operating leased assets) |
|
||
| Interest earning assets (balance sheet item) |
Total gross outstanding loans, advances, interest bearing securities (including government bonds), and lease assets measured at the end of each financial year |
|||
| Dividend income |
Dividend income from investments in stocks and funds not consolidated in the bank's financial statements, including dividend income from non-consolidated subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures. |
|||
| Services |
Fee and commission income |
Income received from providing advice and services. Includes income received by the bank as an outsourcer of financial services. |
Fee and commission income from:
|
|
| Fee and commission expenses |
Expenses paid for receiving advice and services. Includes outsourcing fees paid by the bank for the supply of financial services, but not outsourcing fees paid for the supply of non-financial services (eg logistical, IT, human resources) |
Fee and commission expenses from:
|
||
| Other operating income |
Income from ordinary banking operations not included in other BI items but of similar nature (income from operating leases should be excluded) |
|
||
| Other operating expenses |
Expenses and losses from ordinary banking operations not included in other BI items but of similar nature and from operational loss events (expenses from operating leases should be excluded) |
|
||
| Financial |
Net profit (loss) on the trading book |
|
||
| Net profit (loss) on the banking book |
|
|||
1 FAQ
10.3
The following profit and loss items do not contribute to any of the items of the BI:
(1)
Income and expenses from insurance or reinsurance businesses.
(2)
Premiums paid and reimbursements/payments received from insurance or reinsurance policies purchased.
(3)
Administrative expenses, including staff expenses, outsourcing fees paid for the supply of non-financial services (eg logistical, human resources, information technology – IT), and other administrative expenses (eg IT, utilities, telephone, travel, office supplies, postage).
(4)
Recovery of administrative expenses including recovery of payments on behalf of customers (eg taxes debited to customers).
(5)
Expenses of premises and fixed assets (except when these expenses result from operational loss events).
(6)
Depreciation/amortisation of tangible and intangible assets (except depreciation related to operating lease assets, which should be included in financial and operating lease expenses).
(7)
Provisions/reversal of provisions (eg on pensions, commitments and guarantees given) except for provisions related to operational loss events.
(8)
Expenses due to share capital repayable on demand.
(9)
Impairment/reversal of impairment (eg on financial assets, non-financial assets, investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates).
(10)
Changes in goodwill recognised in profit or loss.
(11)
Corporate income tax (tax based on profits including current tax and deferred).
10.4
At the consolidated level, the standardised approach calculations use fully consolidated BI figures, which net all the intragroup income and expenses. The calculations at a sub-consolidated level use BI figures for the banks consolidated at that particular sub-level. The calculations at the subsidiary level use the BI figures from the subsidiary.
10.5
Similar to bank holding companies, when BI figures for sub-consolidated or subsidiary banks reach bucket 2, these banks are required to use loss experience in the standardised approach calculations. A sub-consolidated bank or a subsidiary bank uses only the losses it has incurred in the standardised approach calculations (and does not include losses incurred by other parts of the bank holding company).
10.6
In case a subsidiary of a bank belonging to bucket 2 or higher does not meet the qualitative standards for the use of the Loss Component, this subsidiary must calculate the standardised approach capital requirements by applying 100% of the BI Component. In such cases supervisors may require the subsidiary to apply an internal loss multiplier which is greater than 1.