This website requires javascript for proper use
The Bank for International Settlements
  •  Home
    • About BIS

      About BIS

      The BIS's mission is to serve central banks in their pursuit of monetary and financial stability, to foster international cooperation in those areas and to act as a bank for central banks.

      Read more about the BIS

      • Overview
      • Organisation and governance
        • Overview
        • BIS member central banks
        • Board of Directors
        • Management of the BIS
        • Financial information
        • Compliance and risk management
      • Representative Offices
        • About the Representative Offices
        • Office for the Americas
        • Office for Asia and the Pacific
      • Financial Stability Institute
        • About the FSI
        • FSI Insights
        • Outreach events
        • FSI Connect
        • Executive Summaries
        • Other publications
        • Speeches
        • Press releases
        • FSI fellowship programme
      • Annual General Meeting
      • Annual Report
      • The Basel Process
        • Overview
        • Meetings
      • History
        • Overview
        • BIS chronology
        • Archive collections
      • Careers at the BIS
        • Careers at the BIS
        • What we do
        • How you can contribute
        • Life in and around the BIS
        • What we offer
        • Our people
        • Current vacancies
      • Legal information
        • Overview
        • Administrative Tribunal of the BIS (ATBIS)
        • Hague Arbitral Tribunal
        • Fraudulent schemes
        • Shares withdrawal
        • For suppliers
        • Terms and conditions
      • Contact
    • Research & publications

      Research & publications

      BIS research focuses on policy issues of core interest to the central bank and financial supervisory community.

      Read more about our research & publications

      • Research at the BIS
      • BIS authors
      • Annual Economic Report
      • Quarterly Review
      • BIS Papers
      • Working Papers
      • FSI Insights
      • Committee publications
        • About committee publications
        • Basel Committee on Banking Supervision
        • Committee on the Global Financial System
        • Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures
        • Irving Fisher Committee on Central Bank Statistics
        • Markets Committee
      • Conferences
      • Asian Office research
        • About Asian Office research
        • Research papers
        • Conferences
      • Americas Office research
        • About Americas Office research
        • Research papers
        • Conferences
        • Research networks
        • Working Group on Financial Stability
        • Study Group on Markets and CB Operations
      • Other publications
      • Discontinued papers series
    • Committees & associations

      Committees & associations

      The BIS hosts nine international organisations engaged in standard setting and the pursuit of financial stability through the Basel Process.


      Read more about BIS committees & associations

      • About committees and associations
      • Basel Committee on Banking Supervision
        • Overview
        • About the BCBS
          • Overview
          • Charter
          • Membership
          • Work programme
          • Organisation and governance
          • Events
          • Groups
          • Policy development and implementation
          • History
        • Basel III
        • Implementation of the Basel standards
          • Overview
          • RCAP: role, remit and methodology
          • RCAP on timeliness: monitoring reports
          • RCAP on consistency: jurisdictional assessments
          • RCAP on outcomes: thematic assessments
          • Other activity related to implementation
        • Basel Framework
        • Publications
        • Press releases
        • Speeches
        • Working Papers
        • Newsletters
        • Comments by BCBS
        • Contact BCBS
      • Committee on the Global Financial System
        • About the CGFS
        • Fact sheet
        • Mandate
        • Publications
      • Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures
        • Overview
        • About the CPMI
          • Overview
          • Charter
          • Membership
          • Organisation and governance
          • History
        • Press releases
        • Publications
        • Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures (PFMI)
        • Monitoring implementation of the PFMI
        • Payment, clearing and settlement in various countries
        • Speeches
        • Statistics
        • Glossary
      • Markets Committee
        • About the Markets Committee
        • FX Global Code
          • About FX Global Code
          • FX Working Group
          • Central Bank Register
      • Irving Fisher Committee
        • About the IFC
        • Fact sheet
        • Publications
        • Members
        • Events
        • History
        • Contact the IFC
      • Other BIS-hosted organisations
    • Central bank hub

      Central bank hub

      The BIS facilitates dialogue, collaboration and information-sharing among central banks and other authorities that are responsible for promoting financial stability.

      Read more about our central bank hub

      • Overview
      • Central bank and monetary authority websites
      • Central bankers' speeches
      • Research hub
        • Overview
        • Recent additions
        • by Institution
        • by JEL classification
        • by Author
        • Search titles and abstract
        • Research Hub email alert
      • Central Bank Governance Forum
      • International Journal of Central Banking
      • Regulatory authorities and supervisory agencies
      • Central Bank Register
    • Statistics

      Statistics

      BIS statistics on the international financial system shed light on issues related to global financial stability.

      Read more about our statistics

      • About
      • Tools and support
        • Statistics help
        • Release calendar
        • BIS Statistics Explorer
        • BIS Statistics Warehouse
        • BIS Statistical Bulletin
        • FAQs
        • Tutorials
        • Glossary
      • International banking
        • About international banking statistics
        • Locational statistics
        • Consolidated statistics
      • Debt securities
        • About debt securities statistics
        • Debt securities statistics
      • Credit
        • About credit statistics
        • Credit to the non-financial sector
        • Credit-to-GDP gaps
        • Debt service ratios
        • External debt (JEDH)
      • Global liquidity
        • About global liquidity indicators
        • Global liquidity data
      • Derivatives
        • About derivatives statistics
        • Exchange-traded derivatives statistics
        • OTC derivatives statistics
        • Triennial Survey
      • Foreign exchange
        • About foreign exchange statistics
        • US dollar exchange rates
        • Effective exchange rates
        • Foreign exchange trading
      • Property prices
        • About property price statistics
        • Detailed residential
        • Selected residential
        • Long residential
        • Commercial
      • Payment systems
      • Other indicators
        • About other indicators
        • Consumer prices
        • Policy rates
    • Banking services

      Banking services

      The BIS offers a wide range of financial services to central banks and other official monetary authorities.

      Read more about our banking services

      • Banking services for central banks
      • Products and services
      • Financial statements
    • Media & speeches

      Media & speeches

      Speeches by BIS Management and senior central bank officials, and access to media resources.

      Visit the media centre

      • Media centre
      • Press releases
      • BIS management speeches
      • Basel Committee speeches
      • Central bankers' speeches
      • BIS photo gallery
      • Videos
      • News archive

In this section:

  • Home
  • Central bank hub
  • Research hub
  • by Author
Logout
  • Central bank hub
    • Research hub
      • Overview
      • Recent additions
      • by Institution
      • by JEL classification
      • by Author
      • Search titles and abstract
      • Research Hub email alert

Peter van Els - Central bank research hub

Papers by year: All | 2018 | 2006

The natural rate of interest from a monetary and financial perspective

by Leo de Haan , Peter van Els , Irma Hindrayanto , Dennis Bonam and Jan Willem van den End

Netherlands Bank Occasional Studies (Paper: 1603, 01.06.2018)

Dutch households' perceptions of economic growth and inflation

by Peter van Els , Maarten van Rooij and Céline Christensen

Netherlands Bank DNB Working Papers (Paper: 093, 16.03.2006)

JEL: D12, D84, E30
Top
  • Share this page
Stay connected
  • Follow us
  • Sign up to receive email alerts
  • About BIS
  • Sitemap
  • FAQ
  • Contact
  • Careers
  • Translations
  • Legal information
  • Terms and conditions
  • Copyright and permissions
  • Disclaimers
  • Email scam warning