Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: Guillermo Calvo
Author-X-Name-First: Guillermo
Author-X-Name-Last: Calvo
Author-Name: Andrés Velasco
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés
Author-X-Name-Last: Velasco
Title: Joined at the hip: monetary and fiscal policy in a liquidity-dependent world
Abstract: We study the effects of monetary and fiscal policies when both money and government bonds provide liquidity services. Because money is the unit of account, the price of money is the inverse of the price level. If prices are sticky, so is the price of money in terms of goods, and this is one important reason why money is liquid and attractive. By contrast, the price of government bonds is free to jump and often does, especially in response to news about changes in fiscal policy and the supply of bonds. Those movements in government bond prices affect available liquidity, and that matters for aggregate demand, inflation and output. Under these conditions, bond-financed fiscal expansions can be contractionary, causing deflation and a temporary recession. To avoid those effects, changes in bond supply must be matched by changes in money supply and in the interest rate on money. We conclude that in a liquiditydependent world, fiscal and monetary policies are joined at the hip.
Length: 29 pages
Creation-Date: 2021-10
File-URL: https://www.bis.org/publ/work967.pdf
File-Format: Application/pdf
File-Function: Full PDF document
File-URL: https://www.bis.org/publ/work967.htm
File-Format: text/html
Number: 967
Keywords: monetary policy, fiscal policy, monetary-fiscal interaction
Classification-JEL: E52, E62, E63
Handle: RePEc:bis:biswps:967