Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Xiang Fang Author-X-Name-First: Xiang Author-X-Name-Last: Fang Author-Name: Bryan Hardy Author-X-Name-First: Bryan Author-X-Name-Last: Hardy Author-Name: Karen Lewis Author-X-Name-First: Karen Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis Title: Who holds sovereign debt and why it matters Abstract: This paper studies the impact of investor composition on the sovereign debt market. We construct a data set of sovereign debt holdings by foreign and domestic bank, non-bank private, and official investors for 95 countries over 20 years. Private non-bank investors absorb disproportionately more sovereign debt supply than other investors. Moreover, non-bank investor demand is most responsive to the yield. Counterfactual analysis of emerging market sovereigns shows a 10% increase in debt leads to a 6.7% increase in costs, but an outsize 9% increase if non-bank investors are absent. We conclude that these sovereigns are vulnerable to losing non-bank investors. Creation-Date: 2023-05 File-URL: https://www.bis.org/publ/work1099.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-Function: Full PDF document File-URL: https://www.bis.org/publ/work1099.htm File-Format: text/html Number: 1099 Keywords: new borrowing, debt service, financial cycle, financial flows and real effects Classification-JEL: F34, G11, G15, F41 Handle: RePEc:bis:biswps:1099