Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Alain Chaboud Author-X-Name-First: Alain Author-X-Name-Last: Chaboud Author-Name: Dagfinn Rime Author-X-Name-First: Dagfinn Author-X-Name-Last: Rime Author-Name: Vladyslav Sushko Author-X-Name-First: Vladyslav Author-X-Name-Last: Sushko Title: The foreign exchange market Abstract: This chapter discusses the structure and functioning of the spot foreign exchange (FX) market. The market structure, which has become far more complex over the past three decades, has mostly evolved endogenously as the global FX market is subject to notably less regulatory oversight than equity and bond markets in most countries. Major banks used to dominate liquidity provision, but they have found their role challenged by high frequency trading firms in an increasingly fragmented electronic market. The information structure of the market has also changed. As such, high-frequency cross-asset correlations, especially with the futures market, have become more important. The chapter also discusses the important role of the official sector in the FX market, and it highlights a few special topics such as flash events and the FX fixing scandal. We conclude with some suggestions for future research. Creation-Date: 2023-04 File-URL: https://www.bis.org/publ/work1094.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf File-Function: Full PDF document File-URL: https://www.bis.org/publ/work1094.htm File-Format: text/html Number: 1094 Keywords: financial markets, foreign exchange, market microstructure, dealer intermediation, electronic trading, algorithmic trading Classification-JEL: F31, G15 Handle: RePEc:bis:biswps:1094