Central Bank Research Hub - JEL classification L

	Title	Author(s)
Abstract Full text	Are All Trade Policies Created Equal? Empirical Evidence for Nonequivalent Market Power Effects of Tariffs and Quotas Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System FEDS series [View] (Paper: 2012-17, 01.05.2012) JEL: F13, F23, L11	Benjamin H. Liebman Wesley W. Wilson Bruce A. Blonigen Justin R. Pierce
Full text	Productivity in the Euro area: any evidence of convergence? European Central Bank Working papers [View] (Paper: 1431, 27.04.2012) JEL: C33, J24, L60, L80, O47	David Sondermann
Full text	Productivity in the Euro area: any evidence of convergence? European Central Bank Working papers [View] (Paper: 1431, 27.04.2012) JEL: C33, J24, L60, L80, O47	David Sondermann
Abstract Full text	Entrepreneurial optimism and survival Bank of Finland Discussion Papers [View] (Paper: 2012/20, 25.04.2012) JEL: D21, L20	Jukka Lahtonen Ari Hyytinen Mika Pajarinen
Full text	Institutions and export dynamics National Bank of Belgium Working Papers [View] (Paper: 0220, 28.03.2012) JEL: F10, F12, L14	Luis Araujo Emanuel Ornelas Giordano Mion
Full text	Comparative advantage, multi-product firms and trade liberalisation: An empirical test National Bank of Belgium Working Papers [View] (Paper: 0219, 28.03.2012) JEL: F11, F12, F14, L23	Linke Zhu Catherine Fuss
Abstract Full text	Competition in the Portuguese Economy:An overview of classical indicators Bank of Portugal Working papers [View] (Paper: 201208, 28.03.2012) JEL: L10, L60, O50	João Amador
Abstract Full text	Competition in the Portuguese Economy:An overview of classical indicators Bank of Portugal Working papers [View] (Paper: 201208, 28.03.2012) JEL: L10, L60, O50	João Amador
Abstract Full text	Implementation of EU legislation on rail liberalisation in Belgium, France, Germany and the Netherlands National Bank of Belgium Working Papers [View] (Paper: 221, 14.03.2012) JEL: D23, D40, H20, L14, L92	Xavier Deville Fabienne Verduyn
Abstract Full text	Implementation of EU legislation on rail liberalisation in Belgium, France, Germany and the Netherlands National Bank of Belgium Working Papers [View] (Paper: 221, 14.03.2012) JEL: D23, D40, H20, L14, L92	Xavier Deville Fabienne Verduyn

Related JEL classifications

L0: Industrial Organization (5 entries)
- L00: General (1 entry)
L1: Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance (20 entries)
- L10: General (25 entries)
- L11: Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms (94 entries)
- L12: Monopoly; Monopolization Strategies (2 entries)
- L13: Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets (47 entries)
- L14: Transactional Relationships; Contracts and Reputation; Networks (21 entries)
- L15: Information and Product Quality; Standardization and Compatibility (5 entries)
- L16: Industrial Organization and Macroeconomic Industrial Structure; Industrial Price Indices (28 entries)
- L17: Open Source Products and Markets (0 entries)
- L19: Other (0 entries)
L2: Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior (10 entries)
- L20: General (6 entries)
- L21: Business Objectives of the Firm (5 entries)
- L22: Firm Organization and Market Structure (29 entries)
- L23: Organization of Production (13 entries)
- L24: Contracting Out; Joint Ventures; Technology Licensing (2 entries)
- L25: Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope (18 entries)
- L26: Entrepreneurship (5 entries)
- L29: Other (0 entries)
L3: Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise (0 entries)
- L30: General (0 entries)
- L31: Nonprofit Institutions; NGOs (3 entries)
- L32: Public Enterprises (0 entries)
- L33: Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises; Privatization; Contracting Out (3 entries)
- L38: Public Policy (0 entries)
- L39: Other (0 entries)
L4: Antitrust Issues and Policies (1 entry)
- L40: General (3 entries)
- L41: Monopolization; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices (5 entries)
- L42: Vertical Restraints; Resale Price Maintenance; Quantity Discounts (0 entries)
- L43: Legal Monopolies and Regulation or Deregulation (3 entries)
- L44: Antitrust Policy and Public Enterprises, Nonprofit Institutions, and Professional Organizations (3 entries)
- L49: Antitrust Policy: Other (0 entries)
L5: Regulation and Industrial Policy (5 entries)
- L50: General (3 entries)
- L51: Economics of Regulation (12 entries)
- L52: Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods (1 entry)
- L53: Enterprise Policy (1 entry)
- L59: Other (1 entry)
L6: Industry Studies: Manufacturing (6 entries)
- L60: General (13 entries)
- L61: Metals and Metal Products; Cement; Glass; Ceramics (1 entry)
- L62: Automobiles; Other Transportation Equipment (5 entries)
- L63: Microelectronics; Computers; Communications Equipment (5 entries)
- L64: Other Machinery; Business Equipment; Armaments (0 entries)
- L65: Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology (1 entry)
- L66: Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco; Wine and Spirits (0 entries)
- L67: Other Consumer Nondurables (0 entries)
- L68: Appliances; Other Consumer Durables (1 entry)
- L69: Other (0 entries)
L7: Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction (0 entries)
- L70: General (0 entries)
- L71: Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Hydrocarbon Fuels (1 entry)
- L72: Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Other Nonrenewable Resources (0 entries)
- L73: Forest Products (0 entries)
- L74: Construction (1 entry)
- L78: Government Policy (0 entries)
- L79: Other (0 entries)
L8: Industry Studies: Services (2 entries)
- L80: General (2 entries)
- L81: Retail and Wholesale Trade; e-Commerce (5 entries)
- L82: Entertainment; Media (0 entries)
- L83: Sports; Gambling; Recreation; Tourism (6 entries)
- L84: Personal, Professional, and Business Services (1 entry)
- L85: Real Estate Services (1 entry)
- L86: Information and Internet Services; Computer Software (4 entries)
- L87: Postal and Delivery Services (0 entries)
- L88: Government Policy (0 entries)
- L89: Other (5 entries)
L9: Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities (2 entries)
- L90: General (2 entries)
- L91: Transportation: General (6 entries)
- L92: Railroads and Other Surface Transportation (7 entries)
- L93: Air Transportation (4 entries)
- L94: Electric Utilities (1 entry)
- L95: Gas Utilities; Pipelines; Water Utilities (1 entry)
- L96: Telecommunications (2 entries)
- L97: Utilities: General (1 entry)
- L98: Industry Studies: Utilities and Transportation: Government Policy (1 entry)
- L99: Industry Studies: Utilities and Transportation: Other (0 entries)